| History of Aluminium |
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Aluminium is the most common metal element in the earths crust but due to its natural affinity for oxygen is rare to find pure Aluminium and so normally only found as an Oxide or silicate. Although a very common metal, for the purposes of economic extraction only the mineral form known as bauxite is a suitable source. Aluminium Oxide (Alumina) has been known about since Roman times but it wasnt until 1807 that Humphrey Davy identified that there was a base metal present in Alumina, although he was not able to isolate it. In wasnt until 1827 when Danish workers at Oerstat managed to prepare small quanties of Aluminium. Over the fo0llowing years refinements were made to the extraction process allowing many of the functional properties of Aluminium to be identified. It was however not yet possible to extract Aluminium on a commercial scale. In 1850 the French scientist Henri Saint-Claire Deville improved on the privious processes ot the extent that commercial production of Aluminium was possible. It should be noted that even these advancements made Aluminium as very expensive metal and at this time its price was comparable to gold. In 1855 the French emperor reserved aluminium plates and cuttlery for his most special guests while others made do with gold. Further research in Aluminium production showed that it would be possible to produce aluminium electrolytically. It wasnt until 1886 that the first electrolytic exctration processes were patented. This development had been facilitated by the development cheaper electricity and resulted in a much cheaper product that was soon used world wide. Prior to this shift to modern production techniques, these had been incremental improvements to the chemical extraction process and a subsequent reduction in the price of the metal but it was still comparable to silver.
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